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Arduino UNO uses ATMEGA328P-PU microcontroller and this controller comes pre-loaded with a Arduino UNO bootloader. Basically bootloader is a little piece of code that allows you to program the flash memory of the Arduino’s atmega328p via serial or USB instead of using an ICSP programmer.
If you are making a project based on Arduino UNO & you have made a customized PCB then you will be requiring bootloaded Atmega328 microcontroller. This is a ATmega328 in DIP package, pre-loaded with the Arduino (16MHz) Bootloader. This will allow you to use Arduino code in your custom embedded project without having to use an actual Arduino board. To get this chip working with Arduino IDE, you will need an external 16MHz crystal or resonator, a 5V supply, and a serial connection. You should select the Arduino UNO board within the Arduino IDE.
The AT89C55 is a 8-bit low-power High-performance CMOS Microcontroller with 20kB of flash programmable read only memory and 256 bytes of RAM. The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density non-volatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be user programmed by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C55 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89C55 provides the following standard features 20kB of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector, two-level interrupt architecture, a full-duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.
The AT89S8253 is a 8-bit low-power high-performance CMOS Microcontroller with 12kB of In-System Programmable (ISP) flash program memory and 2kB of EEPROM data memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density non-volatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip downloadable flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI serial interface or by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with downloadable flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S8253 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.
The AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a Conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU With Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.
W78E052DDG is a successive microcontroller unit that is fully compatible with the widely popular 8052 despite having an 8051 core. It is an 8-bit architecture-based microcontroller unit that has 8 kilobytes of Flash.
It has 256 bytes of RAM, 4 8-bit bi-directional I/O ports, specified as P0, P1, P2, P3, and 4-bit I/O port P4. Three 16-bit timer/counters, a hardware watchdog timer, and a serial port make this microcontroller easy to integrate with multiple applications.
The specialty of this microcontroller unit is the optional 12T or 6T mode. In 12T mode, it uses 12 clocks per machine cycle where the speed of the processor goes up to 40 MHz at 5V operating voltage. At the same time, if 6T Mode is selected, 6 clocks per machine cycle operation make the controller speed up to 20 MHz at 5V operating voltage.
It supports 2.4V to 5.5V operation, which makes it suitable for 3.3V to 5V logic level operations.
The 80C51 has separate address spaces for program and data memory. The Program memory can be up to 64k bytes long. The lower 4k can reside on-chip. Figure 1 shows a map of the 80C51 program memory. The 80C51 can address up to 64k bytes of data memory to the chip. The MOVX instruction is used to access the external data memory. The 80C51 has 128 bytes of on-chip RAM, plus a number of special function Registers (SFRs). The lower 128 bytes of RAM can be accessed either by direct addressing (MOV data addr) or by indirect addressing (MOV @Ri).







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